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The Au-11 one-seat airship can be applied to the following:
Some other application areas can be found out.
:: Applications of airships for the
purposes of advenrtising
Airships have been used for the purposes of advertising
for a long time. In this field Goodyear(USA)
and Budweiser(USA)
are the most experienced companies. According to the data of these firms,
the use of airships for the purposes of advertising is quite profitable.
Besides, the use of airships maintains a good image of a company. An art
imprint of an airship with an advertisement can be used in other information
products such as exterior and TV advertising.
Airship flights attract attention of many people. According to psychologists' conclusions, an airship image gives rise to positive emotions and is easily stuck in memory. :: Airship design
The low-volume airship Au-11 belongs to a well-known non-rigid
airship concept. It consists of an envelope filled with helium (a lifting
gas), two air ballonets (fore and aft), tail empennage that consists of
rudders and elevators, bow mooring reinforcement and one-seat gondola suspended
by means of catenary belts. Its construction realizes the main concepts
of the modern airship construction such as possibility of both vertical
and short takeoff and landing, construction modularity, flight without
lifting gas consumption, propeller thrust vector control in a vertical
plane, application of a rudder engine for controlling in a horizontal plane
at a low speed, modern materials and onboard equipment. The main means
of ground service are included in the airship design.
Fig.1 Scheme of Au-11 Airship. The envelope lifting capacity is secured by the internal overpressure of helium and air in the ballonets. Application of inner suspension with two catenary belts allows to approximate the shape of a transverse section to the form of a circle. The airship volume changes compensation system consists of two ballonets in the fore and aft parts of the envelope. The use of the two-ballonet scheme permits to maintain balance of the airship during a flight. Every ballonet has a designed volume of 61.5 cubic metres (a total volume of 123 cu. m). The ballonets represent ellipsoids of rotation. The inner suspension serves for even more distribution of the gondola weight loading and the screw draft loading along the length of the envelope. It consists of two catenary belts and 10 suspension cables fastened to the gondola via the tension gears. In the cable passageway points there are compensation hoses that permit the envelope to move about the cables. The tension gears provide cable tension to secure the designed shape of the envelope in the overpressure operating range (35-60 mm of water). In the bottom part of the envelope there is a gondola fastening force belt intended for partial transfer of vertical and side forces from the gondola to the envelope. An automatic safety valve PAK 3, which permits the airship to ascend with a speed of 7 meters per sec, is mounted in each ballonet to secure the operational overpressure range. On the left side of the middle part of the envelope there is an emergency gas valve PAK 1 that works in an automatic and manual mode. The valves are fastened by means of special transitional hoses that ensure sealing of the envelope during their replacement. Filling and discharge of the gas is carried out by the use of two hoses mounted in the aft part of the envelope and behind the gondola. The fore-body reinforcement is made in the form of an 8-ray washer with a mooring cone. It serves for the increasing of envelope fore-body rigidity and the airship parking at the stationary and movable mooring and tie-down masts. An airship tail is "+"-shaped and has an undercut bottom stabilizer providing a safe takeoff and landing at the pitch angle of up to 7 degrees. Each tail plane consists of a fixed part and an aerodynamic rudder, has a framed tube design and is wrapped with a strong material. In the stable bottom part there is a rudder (reserve) electric engine with a propeller that serves controlling the airship in case of insufficient effectiveness of the horizontal aerodynamic rudders. It allows to control the airship during flight a low speed and in a hovering mode. The airship gondola represents a framework containing: a pilot, a power plant that consists of the reciprocating engine VAZ 1111 with a ducted two-blade propeller and a vertical plane thrust vector deflection device, a fuel tank, a ballast container, a self-orienting landing gear leg, an accumulator, an aircraft instrumentation on an instrument panel, the power plant controls, a rudder and elevator control handle and the gas and air valves controls. The airship gondola has a large area of glazing. The windscreen is provided with a wiper. Embarkation and disembarkation of the pilot are carried out through a wide door that is on the left side of the gondola. It opens in the upward direction by means of a telescopic elevator filled with gas. A telescopic self-orienting leg of the wheel landing gear is mounted on the gondola to absorb the impact energy by a rough landing and to execute moving by parking. Besides, the airship gondola may be supplied with floats for alighting on water. The following requirements connected with the airship design and layout were taken into consideration during design and production of the airship:
Thrust vector deflection system mounted on the airship includes flow deflection vanes. The propulsion engine thrust vector changes smoothly from -15 to 90 degrees. The negative angles of the flow turn allow to execute the thrust reverse, which is especially important during mooring and manoeuvering at a low speed. A ring fairing allows to decrease significantly the level of noise. The airship has a combined system of aerodynamic rudders control. The forcing from the pedals is transmitted by a cable via the mechanism of envelope deformation compensation to the bell-crank of the bottom rudder, and via an actuator to the top rudder by means of fly-by-wire. The rudders control handle is provided with a spring feedback and can be fixed in any position by a special holder. Control of the thrust vector deflection device is carried out by a handle fitted to the right of the pilot. A motorcycle-type thrust lever is fitted on the handle. The airship power supply system is designed with the purpose to supply electricity to the aerodynamic rudder control system, rudder (reserve) electric engine, navigational and control equipment. The airship Au 11 meets the requirements of the airship airworthiness criteria authorized by the Intergovernmental Aviation Committee of the CIS states. :: Airship equipment
The airship onboard equipment consists of a radio communication
equipment, navigation, flight and other complexes.
:: Airship operation
Flight characteristics of the airship Au 11 allow it to
be mastered and piloted by aeronauts of a medium level qualification who
have completed a
 special preparatory course. The onboard equipment permits
to carry out day flights in simple weather conditions. Three variants of the airship parking are possible: inside a hangar, on a movable or stationary mast or in specially equipped natural shelters. When operating the airship on a mooring mast, fuelling and ballasting are carried out by its feathering in a wind direction. A running repair can be carried out by means of the airship bracing to the ground fixed anchors or field corkscrews, by the side wind with a velocity of up to 8 meters per sec. By the storm warning the airship is transferred to a base dock or into specially equipped storm parking sites (equipped ravines). A capital repair is conducted in a base dock. Depending on the load the airship can make both vertical takeoff and landing and short takeoff and landing. The airship is carried to the place of launch by hand. The mooring airship operations are executed by the wind velocity of up to 12 meters per sec. By the wind of up to 10 meters per sec and a weak heaving, it is possible to alight the airship on the water surface, to execute water parking and an independent takeoff from water. Gas filling and auxiliary filling of the airship are carried out by means of a stationary gasholder at a base parking, automobile gas refuellers, gas bottles or gas generators. The airship launch team consists of 2 to 4 people.
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